Thomas Paine's "The American Crisis"

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Thomas Paine's "The American Crisis"

A piece of historical literature can have three different purposes One, contributing to the development of literary history; Two, contributing to the development of a genre or style; and three, contributing to the development of a specific country's story or telling the story of that people. Thomas Paine was one of the most persuasive and prestigous writers of the eighteenth century. Following the success of "The Common Sense", Thomas Paine decided to write yet another pamphlet "The American Crisis" to convince all of the colonists to be support of breaking away from Britain's stronghold over America. Through use of ethos, pathos and logos, Thomas Paine conquers the art of persuasive writing. "The Crisis No. 1" contributed to the melting together of all colonists to unite as a nation in spirit and in thought, thus bringing about success in the Revolutionary War.

As the editor of the best-selling publication, Pennsylvania Magazine, and author of "The Common Sense", Thomas Paine had much influence over the media. Just before the publication of the first of thirteen "Crisis" pamphlets, British General Howe had defeated General Washington more than once, the army was getting weary and discouraged, and so was the support of the colonists. It was at that moment when Thomas Paine decided to use his 'power of the press' and raise the hopes of all Americans. In December 1776, Paine wrote "The Crisis" with the intent of gaining the support of the Loyalists and the Neutrals to side with the Patriots by exposing the stubbornness and tyranny of Britain. He did not use elaborate words, but rather he wanted to speak very plainly yet directly so that even the uneducated craftsmen could understand and thus make a fair and well-informed decision. He understood that an easily readable article would be just as accepted, if not more. About halfway through the paper he states, "I shall conclude this paper with some miscellaneous remarks on the state of our affairs; and shall begin with asking the following questions" to prepare his reader for the rest of the paper and keep things simple. Paine also used phrases that were common at that period of time. Terms like "tories", which would be interpreted then as a Loyalist, "wigs", a Patriot, and "folly"were used, as well as referring to current events, leaders, and places which updated the reader on past events gave credit to Paine's view. Paine points out the fact that he is trying to be as simple as he can by saying "I bring reason to your ears, and, in language as plain as A,B,C, hold up truth to your eyes".

Thomas Paine uses ethos a lot throughout his pamphlet to communicate to the colonists on a spiritual level. One of the biggest reasons that people came to America was for religious freedom. God and religion was therefore first and foremost in the lives of the colonists, so mentioning this divine deity was a vital tactic for Paine to use, perhaps even second nature. In the opening paragraph, Paine compares the force that Britain uses to bind America, such as taxes, to a power that is "impious" and is "so unlimited" and should "belong only to God". He continues throughout his paper to refer to and thank God. He recognizes His blessing of great leaders to our country, "God hath blessed him [General Washington] with uninterrupted health, and given him a mind that can even flourish upon care". He also quotes the bible and advises the colonists to continually have faith in God, to be humble, and that He will bless them in return.

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A large concern of the colonial population was that by declaring that we would continue to go to 'war' with Britain, the term 'war' brought thoughts of blood and destruction to their minds. Paine addresses this very concern by saying that "God Almighty will not give up a people to military destruction, or leave them unsupportedly to perish, who have so earnestly and so repeatedly sought to avoid the calamities of war". Thus, he points out that America has tried to find peace with the enemy, but once the response is not for peace, America needs to go to war and fight for their country, their families, and their freedom.

Lastly, a large chunk of "The Crisis" is targeted towards those "tories" or Loyalists, who are still in support of the Crown of England. Paine makes the accusation that "Every tory is a coward; for servile, slavish, self-interested fear is the foundation of toryism; and a man under such influence, though he may be cruel, never can be brave". He says that their presence and conduct is "an invitation to the enemy", that Britain is not interested in their opinions but would use them as an internal force to be soldiers and eventually take up arms from within. He also states that General Howe is the tories' greatest enemy, with the insight that "he is bringing a war into their country, which, had it not been for him…they had been clear of". Thomas Paine is forceful and heated over this matter. However, he does not lose sight of practicality, nor does he lie; instead he makes his point directly and truthfully. The following statement is a good summary of his attitude towards this very subject "A man can distinguish himself between temper and principle, and I am as confident, as I am that God governs the world, that America will never be happy till she gets clear of foreign dominion".

"The American Crisis No. 1" is an excellent example of a persuasive writing and all that it should entail. Thomas Paine appeals to all the emotions of the reader emotionally, logically, as well as spiritually. To do this, Paine wanted to appeal to all audiences by using common, everyday language. He also recognized that mentioning God would perhaps create a more attentive ear. Thurs, Thomas Paine was able to successfully write "The American Crisis" and persuade many more colonists to join in the fight against Britain, which would ultimately lead to victory.

Please note that this sample paper on Thomas Paine's "The American Crisis" is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Thomas Paine's "The American Crisis", we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on Thomas Paine's "The American Crisis" will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Male-female relationships

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Since the 1th century, the conception of male-female relationships and marriage has evolved, but not necessarily, as many would consider, in the right direction. The divorce rate has soared in this day and age, and continues to climb at an alarming rate. In previous centuries, the term "divorce" was practically unheard of. Strong morals and religious beliefs preserved marriages, despite the couple's disagreements. Kate Chopin, born in 1851, was a women's rights activist who expresses her view on this topic in her work, "The Story of an Hour." In this story, she emphasizes the inferiority that wives had to endure during the 1th century, as well as their, "need for independence and capacity for passion." (Walker) Ernest Hemingway is another author who depicts the hardships encountered during marriage in his work, "Cat in the Rain." In this story, he focuses on the characteristics of a lack luster marriage, gone bad. Although these authors and their works are from a different era, similar conflicts remain very much a part of the modern lifestyle of individuals involved in relationships or marriages. However, because of its relative ease, undergoing divorce has become the popular solution exercised by a great percentage of couples in today's world.

In, "Story of an Hour," Kate Chopin explains the emotions of a wife experiencing the sudden loss of her husband. Although minimal information is revealed concerning the husband, we can infer a great deal about relationships during this time, through the wife's response to her husband's death. Her initial feelings of grief and denial quickly transform into a sense of dignified freedom. This era is obviously characterized by a significance of status, with the husband playing the dominant role, having complete control, while the wife portrays the inferior figure, lacking any such power. Because women are labeled with predetermined futures as nothing more than homemaking housewives, her reaction is justifiable. She is presented with a newfound life and is no longer bound by a, "powerful will bending her in that blind persistence." (Chopin) She imagines the life ahead of her, "Spring days, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own." She has longed for freedom, and now it is hers to enjoy. As the story concludes, the realization that her husband remains alive causes her to drop dead. The positive emotions that consumed her so suddenly, vanished just as quickly.

As a feminist, Kate Chopin represents the feelings of many women during her time. She is able to relate to the subjection women are faced with during this century. Throughout this era, marriage is considered more of an agreement and love is of less significance. Chopin allows the reader to understand this in her description of the deceased husband, "The face that had never looked save with love upon her." (Chopin) "Before the feminist movement, most men and women had very different relationships from the men and women of today." (Anderson (Women's)) Both the husband and wife are assigned roles, and until future strides for women's rights are made, the position a wife fulfills, stereotypically is the homemaker. As one can observe from this piece of literature, freedom and power are precious possessions occupied for the most part, by the male figure within the relationship. It takes the death of her husband, which many individuals would consider devastating, to free the illustrious life caged in since their conjoining.

Hemingway's, "Cat in the Rain," is a story about a rich couple from America vacationing in Italy. Taking place in the early 0th century, Hemingway details their vacation, which becomes a parity of their overall marriage. The husband's self-centered character is complimentary of the wife's lack of attention. While in their hotel room, "facing the sea," (Hemingway) the struggle to connect with one another causes the wife to look elsewhere. The hotel manager's extremely affectionate nature is attractive to her. Hemingway describes her interest in the man, "She liked his dignity. She liked the way he wanted to serve her…She liked his old, heavy face and big hands." (Hemingway) This story illustrates a stale relationship, and its potential consequences.

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Similar to, "The Story of an Hour," the husband is the targeted figure creating the downfall of the marriage in, "Cat in the Rain." Both husbands portray the "bad guy" in that neither expresses the necessary affection of a proper husband. In both stories the relationships are unsatisfactory, however, the course of action in, "Cat in the Rain," is quite different. This can in part be attributed to the distinction of time. Hemingway emphasizes the sarcastically argumentative manner in which the husband and wife express their emotions. Adversely, Chopin fails to propose any confrontation between the couple, perhaps due to its non-existence in that era. I believe Hemingway is also trying to emphasize the idea that money cannot buy happiness. The couple is vacationing in Italy and staying in a room overlooking the sea. Obviously, there is no shortage of money between them. Yet, their financial status doesn't automatically signify a loving marriage.

Through these stories, I can conclude that although a bit exaggerated, the subject matter, overall appropriately matches its time period. In this era, it is accepted by society that women are inferior to men. The husband always has the last say. A women's freedom has its cost. "Before the feminist movement, the traditional American female was confined to role of homemaker and controlled by her financial independence on men particularly her husband." (Anderson (Men's)) As time moves on the wife is capable of voicing her opinion. Yet, her rights remain limited. The husband's behavior remains the same however. In both stories, the man is the decision maker and controls the marriage. Today, both separation and divorce have become popular solutions, which previously were not reasonable options.

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Potiki

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The role of the novelist is to ask questions and explore issues about our society. Discuss this statement with detailed reference to a novel you've studied.

Eve Hermansson

In the New Zealand novel 'Potiki', author Patricia Grace has chosen to pose questions and explore issues in the role of a gentle subversive. She criticises New Zealand society specifically and projects her own opinions without creating conflict. One is almost unaware that she is raising these controvertial topics, such as land ownership and cultural acceptance, because she does so without openly describing any malice or contempt on the part of the Maori against their agressors. She achieves this effect by using a sympathetic storyline from the point of view of a Maori family and displaying their weaknesses as well as their strengths. Their inability or lack of enthusiam to change matters gives us a glimpse into the effects of past occurrances which have left them without hope of justice or equality for the Maori people.

Patricia Grace uses point of view to explore the issues of cultural tension in New Zealand. Many of the characters have chapters which they narrate from their viewpoint. The sole character, a businessman called Mr Dolman, is used as an example of the lack of understanding Pakeha have of Maori tradition. Mr Dolman is almost a stereotype, as nowadays there are much less occurances of discrimination and many people are educated, to some extent, in Maori protocol and tradition. Mr Dolman's actions are rude and materialistic and they sway our opinions into siding with the Maori. He has few morals and he gives no second thought to the removal of the Maori from their sacred land, though it is difficult to determine whether he actually believes they'll be better off in government rented homes, or whether he is lying for his own profit. The point of view of the other characters throughout the novel also affects our point of view as the reader. The struggles the Maori face and have faced in the past become more realistic when they are not told in news reports or political arguments. The benefit of this fictional story is that it gives thoughts and feelings to something many of us know little about or have no experience of. We can see first hand how their lives are altered in terms of shelter, religion, culture and overall survival and understand their deep resistance against being integrated into Pakeha way of life. Had this book been written in the rd person we would not have been able to get as close to the characters, observing the occurances from a neutral point of view. Also, had the novel only been told from the point of 1 person rather than chapters devoted to each we would not have had the ability to see how life is affected for everyone and how each member of the family feels about Maori survival in a Pakaha dominated world.

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One very clever technique that Patricia Grace uses is personification. She uses this to give personality to the land itself, the Maori carvings and other inanimate objects. By using such phrases as 'the wood speaks', Grace helps us to overcome our obsession with the material and focus more on the spiritual. It is true that Pakeha are more ambitious in their aspirations than Maori, but it is also true that they are less satisfied in the results and practically become a 'slave to money'. The traditional Maori way of life is much simpler, relying on the Earth and their own hard work to provide for them. There are few disappointments of unattainable goals and survival is determined by the simplest of things. As is often repeated throughout Potiki 'everything we need is right here'. In this way we are led to perceive our own faults in that many Pakeha are dissatisfied with what their lives already offer them and continually crave more knowledge, power and money. It comes down to the 'third world' argument that many people in less fortunate countries are starving to death and would be priveleged to have lives as plentiful as we do. Using personification gives thought to the land, and brings characters to life in the carvings on ancestors located in the whare. It also helps to create a link between the past and the present.

The concept of time in Potiki is structured in a spiral shape. Past, present and future become one, life is born from death, and interwoven stories go full circle, rounding off at their origins, as does this tale in its entirity. While in Pakeha society we live only for the present and the future, Maori culture relies heavily on legend and tradition passed down from ancestor to ancestor. It is one way in which they maintain their cultural heritage. Respect is given to elders and the deceased, and memories become precious. Potiki itself is, in a way, a modern legend, and within it a number of old legends and stories are referenced as well, such as 'Rona and the Moon'. As Pakeha's we lack an obvious cultural background, our beliefs and traditions have digressed so much over the years. We have no timeless stories nor select tribes that make us a family. In a way we are at a disadvantage because we are from a much wider history and cannot truly determine our position. Maori culture is still so connected to its origins that there is a specific place for it in this world and lives are not governed by achievements. The Maori concentrate on the importance of extended family, caring for health and wellbeing, and preserving their way of life and they way of their ancestors so that they will not be forgotten.

Patricia Grace is a highly skilled writer who has used the above techniques and more to create a novel that makes us think about ourselves and our history. It reveals a hidden layer of the world and guides us in what is important in life and what is not, and at the same time it lets us see ourselves and our shortcomings for what they are, mere customs due to upbringing. We are not blamed or openly criticised for the prejudice faced by the Maori people, as that is now beyond our time, lost to the trivialness of Pakeha history, but we are informed of the occurances in the past and requested not to forget, for the sake of their customs which still holds some regard for the past.

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Compression

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The driving force to develop AAC was the quest for an efficient coding method for surround signals, like 5-channel signals (left, right, centre, left-surround, and right-surround) as being used in cinemas today. There have been algorithms for these signals in MPEG- for quite a while. Optimum efficiency, however, was not reached due to technical and historical reasons. Therefore, the set aim was a considerable decrease of necessary bit rate.

MPEG- AAC is the consequent continuation of the truly successful coding method ISO/MPEG Audio Layer- developed in Erlanger. The extensive co-operation with international partners and the insight derived from Layer- paved the way for this coding method, which is unique at this present stage. The appropriate incorporation of high coding gain and great flexibility opens up a wide field of applications. With sampling frequencies between 8 kHz and 6 kHz and any number of channels between 1 and 48, the method is well prepared for future developments in the audio sector. Compared to well-known coding methods such as MPEG- Layer-, it is possible to cut the required bit rate by a factor of two with no loss of subjective quality.

Like all perceptual coding schemes, MPEG- AAC basically makes use of the signal masking properties of the human ear in order to reduce the amount of data. Doing so, the noise is distributed to frequency bands in such a way that it is masked by the total signal, i.e. it remains inaudible. Even though the basic structure of this coding method hardly differs from the ones of its predecessors, a closer look into the details does reveal some new aspects worth paying attention to. The crucial differences between MPEG- AAC and its predecessor ISO/MPEG Audio Layer- are shown as follows

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•Filter bank in contrast to the hybrid filter bank of ISO/MPEG Audio Layer- - chosen for reasons of compatibility but displaying certain structural weaknesses - MPEG- AAC uses a plain Modified Discrete Cosine Transform (MDCT). Together with the increased window length (104 instead of 576 spectral lines per transform) the MDCT outperforms the filter banks of previous coding methods.

•Temporal Noise Shaping (TNS) A true novelty in the area of time/frequency coding schemes. It shapes the distribution of quantization noise in time by prediction in the frequency domain. In particular voice signals experience considerable improvement through TNS.

•Prediction A technique commonly established in the area of speech coding systems. It benefits from the fact that certain types of audio signals are easy to predict.

•Quantization by allowing finer control of quantization resolution, the given bit rate can be used more efficiently.

•Bit-stream format the information to be transmitted undergoes entropy coding in order to keep redundancy as low as possible. The optimization of these coding methods together with a flexible bit-stream structure has made further improvement of the coding efficiency possible.

After MPEG-1 and MPEG-, two standards only concerned about audio and video compression, a new standard called MPEG-4 is fast coming up. MPEG-4 is meant to become the universal language between broadcasting, movie and multimedia applications. It will provide additional functionality over simple media compression, like bit rate scalability, object-based representation, intellectual property management & protection etc., and is based on a rich tool set starting at bit rates as low as kbit/s for a single audio channel.

Scope and Features of the MPEG-4 Standard

The MPEG-4 standard provides a set of technologies to satisfy the needs of authors, service providers and end users alike.

•For authors, MPEG-4 enables the production of content that has far greater reusability and flexibility than is possible with individual technologies, such as digital television, animated graphics, World Wide Web (WWW) pages and their extensions.

•For network service providers, MPEG-4 offers transparent signalling messages suitable for many kinds of networks. For Quality of Service (Quos) considerations, MPEG-4 provides a generic Quos descriptor for different MPEG-4 media, enabling transport optimization in heterogeneous networks.

•For end users, MPEG-4 brings higher levels of interaction with content. It also brings multimedia to new networks, including those employing relatively low bit rate, and mobile ones.

•For all parties involved, MPEG seeks to avoid a multitude of proprietary, non-interworking formats and players.

MPEG-4 achieves these goals by providing consistent ways to

1.Represent units of aural, visual or audiovisual content, called media objects. These media objects can be of natural or synthetic origin; this means they could be recorded with a camera or microphone, or generated with a computer;

.Describe the composition of these objects to create compound media objects that form audiovisual scenes;

.Multiplex and synchronize the data associated with media objects, so that they can be transported over network channels providing a Quos appropriate for the nature of the specific media objects; and

4.Interact with the audiovisual scene generated at the receiver's end.

Errors are everywhere

Whenever digital data is transmitted in real-time, i.e. without the chance of re-transmission, whether in packet oriented networks (e.g. Internet) or in stream-oriented networks (e.g. digital broadcast systems or mobile communication networks), the receiver of this digital data will have to cope with transmission errors. In compressed audio, decoding of corrupted bit streams can lead to annoying artifacts that heavily reduce the audio quality. Those artifacts may even damage the listeners' ears or electronic equipment.

Thus, measures have to be taken to deal with such transmission errors. Four different approaches can be combined

1.Error Detection

adds cyclic redundancy codes to detect errors.

.Error Concealment

synthesizes lost parts of the audio signal.

.Error Protection

adds error correcting codes to recover corrupted data.

4.Error Resilience

makes the source code more robust to transmission errors.

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Annual Report of a canadaian company

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Annual Report of a Canadian Public Company

Part I GENERAL INFORMATION

1.Magnotta Winery Corporation

.Head Office

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71 Chrislea Road

Vaughan, Ontario L4H 8N6

.Toronto Stock Exchange

4.MGN

5.Canada, vineyard in Chile

6.Wines, beers, spirits & "must" (juice for making wine)

7.10

8.Gabriel Magnotta

.Gabriel Magnotta

10. 6

11. Audit Committee & Member of Compensation Committee

Part II ANNUAL REPORT

1.

·The LCBO and Magnotta Winery Corporation reached a mediated settlement of the outstanding litigation between the two organizations,

·With the opening of the European Union Market to Canadian wines, Magnotta received its first order placed by a European nation for its icewines,

·The Company opened two new retail locations

·The Company moved its Kitchener, Ontario winery retail location to a new Cambridge, Ontario location,

·The production facility in Beamsville, Ontario was expanded and upgraded,

·The Company redeemed all of its outstanding preference shares, which strengthened its balance sheet, and,

·The Company had its best year, in terms of revenue, earnings and earnings per share.

.

·Company's size, flexibility and innovativeness, allows it the ability to respond quickly to changes in market conditions and capitalize on opportunities and changes that arise

·A consistent high quality supply of reasonably prices wines, juices and grapes

·The Company is constantly taking steps to ensure that an affordable and excellent supply of products is secured

·Maintain strong relationships with growers and suppliers from around the world

·The Company expects to benefit form the decrease in world wine bulk prices

·Remains committed to develop new products and adjust to the ever changing markets within which it operates and competes

. 8

4. CIBC Mellon Trust Company

5. Yes there is a section dealing with "Corporate Governance". The company is not making any changes

Part III FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.January 1, 00

.Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Earnings & Retained Earnings, Consolidated Statements of Cash flow

.8

4.a). Basis of presentation

b). Inventories

c. Capital Assets

5.Cosolidated financial statements have been prepared by management and approved by the Board of Directors

-Management is responsible for the integrity of the information contained in the consolidated financial statements

-Statements have been prepared by management in conformity with GAAP

-Company maintains a system of controls

-Management believes system of controls records are reliable

-Board of Directors carries out its responsibilities for financial statements through Audit Committee

-KPMG LLP have audited and expressed their opinion on the accompanying consolidated financial statements

6.KPMG LLP

7.April 1, 00

8.Vaughan, Ontario

.Qualifications are to conducted audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. An audit includes examing, on test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management.

Part IV SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY AND INCOME STATEMENT REPORTING

1.Common Shares

.The authorized capital consists of an unlimited number of common shares.

# of common shares- 1, 056, 005

Amount- $ 6, 060, 4

.In 15, the corporation issued , 50, 000 preference shares which are redeemable and retractable at $1 per share plus all accrued and unpaid dividends. During 00, the corporation redeemed the preference shares. The $, 50, 000 preference shares were redeemed for a $1,000,000 note payable.

4.Contributed Capital

-6, 060, 44

-10,000

-10, 55, 55

Total shareholder's equity $16,8,

5.Information not Available

6.Information not Available

7.

8.Basic- $ 0.15

Diluted- $ 0.14

.Information not Available

10.Information not Available

11.Dividends of redeemable preference shares- 78,11

1.Information not Available

Part V INVESTMENTS IN OTHER CORPORATIONS

1.Information not available

.Information not available

.Information not available

4.Information not available

Part VI CORPORATE INCOME TAXES

1.Income taxes currently payable- $160, 741

Future income taxes- 1,088,1

.$1, 077,44

Part VII Cash Flows

1.$571,776

.$,47,54

.Decrease in long-term debt- (471,411)

Refinancing of long-term debt- 1,800,000

Issuance of share capital- 05,101

Repayment of note payable- (100,000)

Increase (decrease) in bank indebtedness- 5,564

4.(,06,00)

5.Purchases of capital assets- (,06,00)

6.Information not Available

7.Information not Available

Part VIII CONCLUSION

1.Yes, I would consider investing in this company because I believe that this company is a physically powerful corporation. Showing signs of increased sales through the year and increased net working capital, helps in my confidence in the company. Highlights of the company during the year make it more attributable in a fierce competitive market. Opening up two new retail locations will certainly increase sales and revenue. The company had its best year, in terms of revenue, earnings and earnings per share. The company, with great assurance will continue to achieve its characteristics of being innovative, courageousness and creative. If the company continues to make resilient decisions it will persist on being one of the top companies.

.What has impressed me the most is the fact that with the many key highlights of opening, moving, expanding and upgrading locations the company was still able to experience growth in sales and net earnings from the last year. The company was also able to strengthen its balance sheet by redeeming all of it preference shares. Accomplishments in fiscal 00 have helped to position Magnotta for strong years ahead. The company remains committed to develop new products and adjust to the ever-changing markets within which it operates.

Please note that this sample paper on annual Report of a canadaian company is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on annual Report of a canadaian company, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on annual Report of a canadaian company will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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As an actor how would you portray the role of Lucy in "The Rivals?"

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The female characters in "The Rivals" seem to chart the times with regard to the changing attitudes about proper female behaviour and the nature of women in general. Each character is, to a certain extent, frank about her sexual needs and desires. Lucy's coquettishness with Sir Lucius in Act Scene reveals that she is not only a methodical schemer but also a brazen hussy. This acknowledgement of normal female sexual desire on Sheridan's part indicates a shift from ideas found earlier in the century, that female expressions of sexual appetite automatically made a woman a whore. This then links to the social context, as actresses in Sheridan's time were not seen as being any better than a prostitute.

Lucy's soliloquy at the end of Act 1 Scene provides evidence of the effect of the technique of asides, which seems to draw the audience closer to her character, who 'confides' in them. It enables her to develop a special relationship with the audience; she may be a little villainess, but she has taken us into her secret, and that affords an added perspective to the action when she is on stage. There is no negativity towards Lucy, we just laugh at her intriguing wickedness, and wonder what she will do next. She often plays a deliberately simple character, which is both devious and cunning of Lucy because she repeatedly outwits both Lydia and Mrs Malaprop. An example of this would be in 1, lines to .

The breadth of Lucy's scheming is unveiled at the end of 1. We realise the full extent of her cunning ways, but merely laugh. The characters involved are Lydia; Ensign Beverly; Mrs Malaprop; Bob Acres and Sir Lucius. Lucy should use a mocking and sarcastic tone when she is alone, as she can stop putting on her act of 'simplicity'. This is shown in 1, lines 77 to end, when Lucy reveals to the audience what she has accomplished by using this clever façade.

Situations occur when Mrs Malaprop dismisses her own initial suspicion that Lucy might have betrayed her in disclosing her secret correspondence with Sir Lucius to Lydia. There is irony in Mrs Malaprop's patronising and immediate dismissal of Lucy's intellect "Lucy can't have betrayed me! No, the girl is such a simpleton…Had she been one of your artificial ones, I should never have trusted her" (Act 1 Scene ). As the audience, we can predict at this point in the play that it will be ultimately Lucy, who's role in the play as spreader of illicit messages to recipients who were not meant to receive them in the first place, who will unintentionally foil Jack's and Mrs Malaprop's plans.

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Lucy (in 1) says, "As ill luck would have it". This can be interpreted as being sincere, or insincere. I believe that as she is shrewd and cunning, Lucy would deliver this with a slight mocking tone. She knows that Lydia is a dreamy romanticist, and gently ridicules her mistress, but when Lucy is alone has a sense of utter disregard towards Lydia and her feelings.

Trust and confidence can be bought and sold as with Lucy who admits that she has very little scruple of conscience in her deceitful ways, as long as her "purse has received notice in form" (Act Scene ); and uses her charade of "simplicity", her "mask of silliness" to camouflage her crafty scheme of profiting from trading secrets she has been "entrusted with". Sheridan is a realist the bribing of Lucy by the other characters reminds the audience that even the virtue of truthfulness can be bought at a price. The important role that money plays in the fashionable town life is stressed in these financial images.

Sir Lucius declares to Lucy his motive for seeking to marry "I am so poor that I cant afford to do a dirty action. - If I did not want money, Id steal your mistress and her fortune with a great deal of pleasure" (Act Scene ). Here Lucy would act as a simpleton, tilting her head, batting her eyelashes and slyly flirting with Sir Lucius, merely in order to further her knowledge with events happening.

As a servant, Lucy realises that she has no need to say more than is socially required or expected. Answers to any questions asked of her are typically short and precise yet polite, "No, indeed, ma'am". Her voice should be shy and quiet when 'acting', but louder and with a singsong quality when she is herself. This change adds to Lucy's duality, and improves the credibility of her 'simpleton' character. When around any of the more upper class characters, Lucy should stand still, her posture straight, and her hands clasped in front of her. This would then detract from Lucy and let the other characters lead on, showing her status.

In Act 1 Scene , line 6 Lucy says; "O gemini, I'd sooner cut my tongue out" in reply to Mrs Malaprop's query As the audience we realise that Lucy has a dual personality, so laugh when Sheridan gives us dramatic irony in a comic style. Lucy would dare to mention anything to anyone else if it meant that she would gain from the situation, and Mrs Malaprop's naïve underestimating of her attendant becomes extremely ironic.

Overall I believe that Lucy should be played with a cunning and mischievous streak, but as the audience must like this character I think it is important to realise that Lucy is fun and outgoing. She does not succumb to the social barriers that, as a woman and a member of the lower class, hold her back when she is alone. Lucy must walk with a spring in her step because she is always happy that she has her purse full. Her presence on stage must be noted by her cheekiness, so she scuttles about, especially when running for Lydia to hide all of her romance novels.

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That Time of Year Analysis

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A well-written poem normally will utilize some or all of six elements of literature to express an idea thoroughly. A few elements include plot, setting, and diction, each of which provides for an effective piece of literature. William Shakespeare wrote several sonnets that carefully use the elements of literature. His famous work, "That Time of Year," includes examples of setting, tone, and imagery to strengthen the reader's understanding of the sonnet.

Shakespeare's use of setting is very effective in that the whole sonnet indirectly refers to one of the seasons of the year. The narrator of the poem begins by describing the characteristics of autumn. He describes the yellow leaves that may or may no longer hang on trees, and he talks about the weather being cold. He also mentions the absence of the birds that once sang on the trees. He goes on to refer to the sunset and how the night gets closer and closer. Although he does not speak directly about the season itself, the reader understands the implicit characteristics and is able to visualize the atmosphere described by the narrator as being the fall season. This also suggests the origin of the title. Perhaps "that time of year" refers to autumn itself.

In addition to setting, Shakespeare integrates the use of tone into this sonnet. Phrases like "That time of year thou mayst in me behold," "Which by and by black night doth take away," and "As the deathbed whereon it must expire" all suggest that the narrator is melancholy about the fact that he is aging and may soon die (lines 1, 7, 11). He is explaining all of this to his lover it seems. The evidence that he appears to be in love with the person he is talking to can support this. This evidence includes phrases such as these "In me thou see'st the twilight of such day," "In me thou see'st the glowing of such fire," "This thou perceivest, which makes thy love more strong," and "To love well which thou must leave ere long" (5, , 1, 14). All of these examples indicate the narrator's love for the person. It is this love that possibly inspires the narrator to speak. One can conclude that the narrator feels pride or relief for the fact that someone loves him regardless of his age or his inevitable death. This is supported with line 1, where the narrator explains that, above all, he is seen as the same person that his lover fell in love with years ago, and this is what makes his lover's love for him a strong love. With the context provided, another conclusion can be made about this sonnet it is definitely a love poem.

Finally, imagery is used throughout this sonnet to enhance the reader's understanding of the narrator's sentiment. The title itself is an example of imagery. "That time of year" refers to a season of the year autumn. However, the title implies that his death is near. This analogy between autumn and old age is used from the beginning of the sonnet to the near end. In line one, the narrator uses the word "mayst" to imply that his lover has the opportunity to see him the way he explains, but instead, his beloved sees him differently. This is supported in lines five, nine, and thirteen where he declares that his beloved does in fact see him as the man that is still full of life. The narrator speaks of yellow leaves no longer hanging in line two further depicting an autumn atmosphere. In actuality, a reader can imagine a person growing old, as the narrator's

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probable intention is to compare the climate and weather of a season to a person aging. The narrator mentions how his lover witnesses the "twilight of such day," hinting that his lover still sees the youth in him although the "sunset fadeth in the west" (5-6). He also refers to the black night that takes away the day, which insinuates that death is near (7). This is further supported in the next line when he speaks of "Death's second self" (8). This phrase is used to compare death to sleepat the end of the day, one must sleep. The narrator goes on to speak of the "glowing of such fire" and how the "ashes of his youth doth lie" on this fire. He is now comparing aging to a fire, and when the "deathbed whereon[,] it must expire, Consumed with that which it was nourished by" (11-1). The concluding couplet in this poem enforces the lover's perception of the narrator. In line 14, the lover is faced with the fact that she soon will no longer be able to love him.

It is easy to see why many people may disagree with these presented thoughts or ideas. As a reader or scholar, one must make his or her own conclusions about the work or works that he or she reads. This case is no different. Any well-written piece of literature should leave something for the imagination so as to get the reader more involved, and since no one is alike, different perceptions are bound to arise. If this does not happen, then it is possible that there is a flaw in the writing. Shakespeare's Sonnet 7 is a piece written to invoke the emotions of a reader, but it also exists as keepsake for the author's own feelings. This sense of privacy is what forces the various readers to create their own hypotheses of what is being written or why it is being written. As far as an answer to these questions, well, no one answer is correct and no answer is incorrect. A reader must incorporate several inferences before making a conclusion as to what the sonnet means.

In conclusion, Shakespeare's skill has brought several elements of literature together in this sonnet to create an excellent, work of art. To accomplish this task, he strategically integrates several examples of setting, tone, and imagery. He definitely makes it easy for a reader to place himself into the narrator's shoes and feel every bit of remorse and happiness that the narrator feels. Hopefully, every man will have a love to see him as the youth he once was when that time of year comes around.

Please note that this sample paper on That Time of Year Analysis is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on That Time of Year Analysis, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on That Time of Year Analysis will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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